Class:-10 (Science) Part:-1(Physics) Chapter: Gravitation


 Date:-2080-10-15

A. Define the terms:-

1. Gravitation                                                                    2. Gravity
3. Weight                                                                           4. Mass
5. Gravitational Constant                                                  6. Acceleration due to gravity
7. Weightlessness                                                              8. Free fall 
9. Gravitational field

B. Give reason:-

  1.  Why the Newton's law of the gravitation is called universal law?
  2. What causes the planets to revolve around the sun?
  3. At what condition the gravitational force and gravitational constant become equal?
  4. In which part of the earth is the weight of the body maximum and zero, why?
  5. Weight of the body varies from place to place why? Give reason.
  6. Why the weight of a body on the earth is more than on the moon?
  7. Why the weight of a body is greater in pole  of earth than equator?  (SE 2066) 
  8. Weight of a person increase gradually on climbing down from the top of Mt. Everest, why?
  9. A Merchant buys goods from Terai and sells it in Namchebazar by using spring balance will the Merchant be in profit at the same price. why?
  10. Why does water flow from high land to low land?
  11. The value of acceleration due to gravity on the surface of earth varies from place to place. Why?
  12. The value of the g at top of Mt. Everest is less than at its bottom, why?
  13. What happens to the acceleration due to gravity of the earth on increasing height from surface, why?
  14. The value of the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of earth is more at pole than equator, why?
  15. The probability of getting hurts increases when a person jumps from significant height. why?
  16. An object falls faster on polar region than at equatorial region, why?
  17. The value of acceleration due to gravity is more at polar region than at equatorial region, why?
  18. Object having different mass fall simultaneously on the surface of moon but not on the surface of earth when dropped from certain height, why?
  19. Why tides occur in sea?
  20. Paratrooper doesn't get hurt, even after the jumps of flying aeroplane, why?
  21. A Paratrooper lands safely when jumped from from the greater height, why?
  22. It is possible to land  the parachute safely on the moon, why?
  23. The stone thrown upward in the sky returns to the earth, why?
  24. What happens to gravitational force produced between two objects when the distance between them is halved keeping the masses constant?
  25. What happens to the gravitational force between to two bodies, when one of the masses is made double keeping the distance constant?
  26. What happens to the gravitational force produced between any two objects if mass of an object is tripled and another object reduced to half and distance between them is reduced by 4 times?
  27. What do you understand by weightlessness due to freefall?
  28. A piece of stone and a feather are dropped from the same height from the lunar surface, which one will reach the surface fast and why?
  29. When a person jumps jumps from the aeroplane with parachute can land safely on the earth surface but it is not possible on moon surface, why?
  30. At what condition a coin and feather fall together? Why? What is the acceleration of the feather and coin at that instant?
  31. A feather and a coin fall simultaneously on the surface of the moon, why?
  32. It is difficult to lift a large stone on the surface of earth but easy to lift same one on the surface of moon, why?
  33. :What effect will be on acceleration due to gravity if radius of the earth is decreased?

C. Difference between:-

  1. Gravity and Gravitation
  2. Gravitational constant and Acceleration due to gravity
  3. Gravity and Acceleration due to gravity
  4. Mass and Weight 
  5. Weightlessness and Freefall
  6. Fall of parachute on the earth and on the moon

D. General Questions:-

  1. State Newton's law of gravitational. Proof:  F= Gm1m2/ d2, where the notations have usual meaning.
  2. What is gravitational constant? Write its value and units.
  3. Derive the relation g=GM/R2 and hence prove that g ∝ 1/R2, where the notation have usual meanings.
  4. On what factor does the gravitational force depends upon?
  5. What is the relation between Gravitational force depends upon?
  6. How is the gravitational force related with distance between the objects?
  7. What are the effects of the gravitational force?
  8. On what factors of the planet does acceleration doe to gravity depend upon?
  9. On what factor gravity of planet depend on?
  10. Write two condition for weightlessness.
  11. Prove that g is independent to the mass of the falling body, hence prove that g ∝ 1/R2.
  12. Prove that acceleration due to gravity depends on the mass of the planet. And also prove that acceleration due to gravity is inversely proportion to the radius of the planet.
  13. What is the relation of the gravitational force with mass if two bodies and central of distance between them?
  14. What is the relation of the gravitational field intensity with mass and radius of planet?
  15. Acceleration due to gravity of the moon is 1.66 m/s2, what does it means?

E. Numerical Questions:-

  1. Two mass having masses 10kg and 15 kg respectively are placed 200m apart. What is the gravitational force between them? {Ans: 2.5x10 -13N}
  2. The mass of the earth is 6x1024 kg and a person of mass 60kg is standing on it. If the radius of earth is 6.4x106m, calculate the force of attraction between the person and earth.  { Ans: 586. 2N)
  3. Mass of the moon is 72x1021kg and the mass of earth is 6x1024kg. The distance between moon and earth is 36x108m. The force of attraction between these bodies is 2.2x1018 N. Calculate the gravitational constant.   {Ans: 6.67x 10 -11Nm2/kg2}
  4. The weight of a body is 600N on earth surface what will be the weight if radius of the earth is made double. 
  5. The gravitational force between two bodies is 4N if they are 2m apart. What will be the gravitational force if their distance is made 4m. 
  6. What happen when in gravitational force under following conditions: i). If the mass of two body is made double keeping distance constant.   ii). If the mass of two bodies is made double and distance between them is half.
  7. The mass of the sun is 2x1030 kg and the radius is 6.96x108m. What is the weight of 1kg mass on the surface of the sun?    { Ans: 275.38 kg}
  8. The mass of the planet Jupiter is 1.9x1027 kg and it radius is 71x106 m. Find the acceleration due to gravity at its surface and at a distance 142x106m from its center. What is the weight of a body of mass 80kg at its surface?
  9. The mass of the earth is 6x1024kg. If the distance between the earth and a mass of 1kg is 6.5x106m.    i). What is the force of attraction between them?  ii). What is the acceleration of the mass toward the earth?    iii). What is the acceleration of the earth towards the mass?
  10. Mass of a planet is 6x1020kg and its radius is 3x105m. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity of the planet.
  11. The earth has a mass of 5.975x1024kg and a radius of 6370 km.  Find the acceleration due to gravity at a distance of 500km above the surface of the earth.
  12. The mass of the earth is 6x1024kg and its radius is 6400km, what will be the acceleration due to gravity at a distance of 3600km far from the earth's surface?      {Ans: 4.002 m/s2}
  13. The mass of the earth is 6x1024kg and its radius is 6400km what is the mass of a man weighing 977 N in a spring balance? (G=6.67x10 -11Nm2/Kg2)
  14. Calculate the value of acceleration due to gravity on the top of Mt. Everest of height 8848m. The mass of the earth is 6x1024kg and its radius is 6400km.   {Ans: 9.77 m/s2}
  15. Radius of the earth is 6.4x103km. If the value of 'g' at the surface of the earth is 9.8m/s2. Calculate the value of 'g' at the top. Also, find the weight of the body of mass 25kg on the top of the Mt. Everest.   { Ans: 9.77 m/s2  , 244.25 N}
  16. The mass of the earth is 6x1024 kg and its radius is 6380 km. What will be the acceleration due to gravity of the earth at a height of 3629 km from the earth's surface?    { Ans: 4m/s2}
  17. Calculate the height above the earth's surface at which the value of acceleration due to gravity is 4.9 m/s2. The radius of the earth is 6400 km and the value of the acceleration due to gravity at the earth's surface is 9.8 m/s2. 
  18. Mt. Everest is 8848 m above the sea level. Find the acceleration due to gravity at the this height. The value of acceleration due to gravity at the earth's surface is 9.8 m/s2 and its radius is 6400km.
  19. If the mass and radius of the moon is 7.2x1022kg and 1.7x106m respectively, what will be the mass of a man on the surface of the moon having the wight of 107.9 N?   { Ans: 65kg}
  20. A body of mass 1kg has weight of 15N on the surface of a heavenly body with radius 15000 km. Find the mass of the heavenly body.    {Ans: 5.059x1025kg}
  21. If the acceleration due to gravity at a place on the surface of the earth is 9.8m/s2 and the radius of the earth is 6380km, then what will be the mass of the earth?    {Ans:5.98x1024kg}
  22. An apple of mass 1.5 kg falls from the tree. If the mass and radius of the earth are 6x1024kg and 6400km respectively. Find the acceleration of the falling apple.     { Ans: 9.77 m/s2}
  23. If the mass of the moon is 7.2x10 22kg and the radius 1.7x106m, what will be the acceleration due to gravity of the moon? What will be the weight of a man of 60 kg mass on the moon? {Ans: 1.66m/s 2,  99.6 N}
  24. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the moon is 1.6 m/s 2. If the radius of the moon is 1.7x106m, calculate the mass of the the moon.
  25. The mass of Jupiter is 1.9x10 27kg and its radius is 71x106m. What is the acceleration due to gravity on the Jupiter. Also calculate the the weight of the person having mass 60kg on the Jupiter.
  26. A heavenly body has mass one third of less than that of the earth and its radius is half as that of the earth. If a stone weights 200N on the earth surface , find the weight on the heavenly body.
  27. Mass of the moon is 7x10 22kg and its radius is 17km. If the moon is 3.82x105km away form the earth calculate:  i). Gravitational force between the moon and 10 kg water of Narayani River.  ii). Acceleration due to gravity on the moon surface.
  28. A heavenly  body has mass half less than that of the earth its radius is half as that of the earth. If the stone wights 100N on the earth' surface, finds its weight on the heavenly body   {Ans: 200N}
  29. The mass of the moon is 7.4x10 22kg. Its radius is 1140 km. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on the moon surface.
  30. Mass of  planet is 6x10 20 kg and its radius is 3x105m. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the planet.
  31. Calculate the weight of the mass of a body of 20kg which is at a distance 3x105 km from the center of the earth with mass 6x10 24kg.       {Ans: 8.89x10 -2 N}
  32. If the mass of moon is 7.2x10 22kg radius 1.7x106m then how much gravity does act on 1 kg mass on the same surface?       { Ans: 1.6N}
  33. A body weights 63 N on the surface of the earth. What is the gravitational force on it due to the earth at a height 3200 km from the earth's surface( Radius of the earth is 6400 Km)
  34. A heavenly body has a mass half that of the earth and its radius half as that of the earth. If a stone weighs 100N on the surface of the earth, find its weight on the heavenly body.
  35. The mass of the moon is 7.2x10 22kg and its radius is 1.7x106m. What will be the gravity of the moon to a body of mass 1kg on the surface of the moon?
  36. Earth has the mass of 6x1024 kg and a radius of 6380 km. What will be the gravity of the earth to a body of mass 1kg on the surface of the earth?
  37. What is the force of gravity on a body of mass 200kg lying on the earth surface? Give, mass of earth is 6x1024kg and radius of earth is 6.4x106m.
  38. Calculate the force with which the moon pulls every kg of water in Koshi river given that the moon is 3x105km away from the Koshi River and the mass of the moon is 7.2x1022kg.   {Ans: 5.33x10-5N}
  40. Mass of the Jupiter is 1.9x1027kg and that of the sun is 2x1030kg. If the distace of the sun from the Jupiter is 78x107km, then what will be the magnitude  of gravitational force between these masses.   {Ans:   4.166x1023N}
  41. Calculate the gravitational force between two masses of 10kg and 20 kg if they are at 10 m distance. {Ans: 13.34x10-11N}
  42. If the mass of the earth and the moon are 6x1024kg and 7.1x1022kg and the gravitational force between them is 1.682x1020N, find the distance between them. {Ans: 4.11x108m}
  43. Calculate the force of gravitational between the earth and the man having mass 80kg. If the mass of the earth is 6x1024kg and radius if the earth is 6.38x106m.  { Ans: 786.6N}
  44. An object with mass 6x10 24kg and the other with mass 3x1022kg are at the distance of 2x1010m. Find the gravitational force between them   {Ans: 30.15x10 23N}
  45. The mass of the Jupiter is 1.9x1027kg and that of the sun is 2x1030kg. The distance between Jupiter and the sun is 76.8x107km. Calculate the gravitational force that exits in between them.  { Ans: 4.297x1023N}
  46. Let, the mass of the earth is 6x10 24 kg and the radius 6380 km. What is the gravitational force between the earth and the object of 400kg on the surface of earth?  {Ans: 3933 N}
  47. Calculate the gravitational force between two masses of 20kg and 50kg are at a distance 500cm apart.  { Ans: 2.66x10 -9 N}
  48. The mass of the sun and the earth is 2x10 30kg and 6x10 24kg respectively. If the distance between their center is 1.5x10 11m, find the gravitational force between them.   { Ans: 3.56x10 22N}
  49. A 60kg boy stands 1m away from another 60kg boy. Calculate the gravitational force between them. 
  50. Two lead sphere whose diameter are 20cm and 2 cm are placed with their centers 100cm apart. calculate the force of gravitational between them. [Density of lead =11500kg/m3]
  51. Calculate the force of attraction between two bodies, each of mass 100kg and 1mm apart on the surface of earth will the force of attraction be different. If the same bodies are taken on the surface of moon, their separation remaining constant.  What will be change in gravitational force?
  52. A sphere of mass 40kg is attracting by another sphere of mass 15kg with force 9.8x10 -7N. find the value of universal gravitational constant. If centers of sphere are 20cm apart.  
  53. Calculate the gravitational force due to the earth on a body of mass 64kg laying on the earth's surface. Take the mass of the earth as 6x10 24kg and radius of the earth as 6.4x10 3km.
  54. Two boys each of mass 40kg are standing at a distance of 1m. With what force they attracting each other towards them? What acceleration is  produced by each of them on the other? 
  55. The mass of the earth is 6x10 24kg. If the distance between the earth and a mass of 1kg is 6.5x10 6m. Calculate the force of attraction between them.  {Ans: 9.47N}
  56. Two sphere of equal masses are placed at a distance of 100m from their centers. If the gravitational force of attraction between them is 1575N. Calculate the mass of each sphere. {Ans; 4.86x10 8kg}
  57. If the mass of the moon is 6x10 21kg. The distance between earth and moon is 36x10 5 km. The force of attraction between these bodies is 4.4x10 8N. Calculate the mass of earth.  { 1.4x10 16 kg}
  58. Mass of the moon is 72x10 21kg and the mass of the earth is 6x10 24kg. The distance between them is 36x10 8m. The force of attraction between these two bodies is 2.2x10 18N.calculate the gravitational constant.  {Ans: 6.67x10 -11Nm2/kg2}
  59. The mass of the earth is 6x10 24kg and a person mass is 60kg is standing on it. If the radius of earth is 6.4x106m, calculate the force of attraction between the person and earth.  {Ans: 586.2N}
THE END 

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